Spatio?Temporal Evolution of Earthquake Static Stress Drop Values in the 2016–2017 Central Italy Seismic Sequence

The static stress drop of an earthquake is indicator the state a specific fault before rupture initiation. primarily controlled by ambient field, strength, complexity, and presence fluids. This study aims to investigate spatio-temporal distribution values 2016–2017 multi-fault seismic sequence in central Italy, which includes three earthquakes with Mw ? 5.9 (Amatrice, Visso, Norcia earthquakes), over 95,000 aftershocks (M 0.5–6.5). We estimate using circular crack model corner frequency moment estimates from single-spectra fitting, cluster-event method, spectral-ratio fitting. temporal shows apparent increase following large (Mw 5.9). spatial comparably high for early surrounding mainshock area. High events correlate such as intersections at depth reactivated thrust fronts. observe constant ?3, contrast previous studies. Instrument response signal-to-noise bandwidth limitations likely govern observed decrease decreasing magnitude ? 3. complex could support more complete understanding process evolution sequences. It also highlight areas where loading focused, would have implications short intermediate term hazard estimates.